Quantum Technology

Although it is very mysterious

it is actually not far from us

As

a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation

a frontier field

it has significant scientific significance and strategic value

How is the progress of the 'Quantum + Electricity' new track?

 

Recently

Hefei Houdian Quantum Application Demonstration Substation

was officially put into operation

This station is the first in China to apply

quantum measurement, quantum communication, quantum computing

in operation substations in three major directions

Its completion and operation

marks a significant breakthrough in the industrial application of quantum technology in the power industry

What is quantum

Hefei Houdian Quantum Application Demonstration Substation

What can quantum bring to the power grid

What new technologies are there in the quantum application demonstration substation

……

We will answer these questions one by one

1 Quantum mechanics reveals the wonders of the microscopic world

The progress of science

promotes humanity's understanding of 'light'

becoming increasingly in-depth and detailed

In 1900

German physicist Planck

first proposed the concept of 'quantum'

He assumed that when light radiation interacts with matter

the energy produced is not continuous

but is in discrete packets

A packet of 'energy' is a 'quantum'

Planck proposed the concept of 'quantum'

Five years later

another great scientist continued to break

people's inherent understanding that 'energy is continuous'

and pushed the understanding of 'quantum'

to a new height

Did you know?

When light shines on a metal surface

it can 'knock' the electrons out of the metal

When the 'knocked out' electrons start to move

an electric current is formed

and thus there is electricity

This natural phenomenon is called

photoelectric effect

However, increasing the duration of light exposure

and the continuity of light

cannot 'knock' out more electrons

Classical physics theory

cannot explain this phenomenon

In 1905

the young scientist Einstein

solved the photoelectric effect problem with 'quantum'

He proposed the hypothesis of 'light quanta'

believing that the energy of light radiation itself

is 'quantized'

In other words

light is made up of

discrete 'energy packets'

'Energy packet' size is related to intensity

which means continuity is not relevant

but is related to frequency

This also provides conclusive evidence for 'light as a particle'

Three-dimensional rendering of the concept of quantum entanglement

This new understanding brings humanity's vision

into the microscopic world

attracting generations of scientists like Bohr, Heisenberg, Schrödinger, etc.

to step into that fascinating

quantum world

and construct a new understanding

of the physical world

Today

quantum mechanics has become

one of the two pillars of modern physics

bringing about major technological inventions such as atomic energy, semiconductors, lasers

 

nuclear magnetic resonance, superconductivity

and global satellite positioning systems

which fundamentally changed

human lifestyles and social appearances

2 Quantum precision measurement accurately captures micro-changes in the power grid

What kind of sparks will 'quantum collide' with electricity?

Let's first talk about quantum precision measurement

从根本上改变了

人类的生活方式和社会面貌

2量子精密测量精准捕捉电网微变化

量子与电力“碰撞”

会擦出怎样的火花呢？

我们先聊聊量子精密测量

Precision measurement

is the foundation of scientific research

It can be said

that the entire modern natural science and material civilization

has developed alongside the continuous improvement of measurement accuracy

Taking time measurement as an example

from ancient sundials and water clocks

to modern mechanical clocks

and then to modern quartz clocks and atomic clocks

as the accuracy of time measurement continues to improve

technologies such as communication and navigation

have been able to continuously develop

bringing great convenience to people's lives

and providing powerful tools for new scientific discoveries

Quantum precision measurement

utilizes the laws of quantum mechanics

to measure

time, frequency,acceleration, electromagnetic fields

and other physical quantitiesto achieve

high precisionandhigh sensitivitymeasurementsto search for

the traces of dark matter and dark energy

to improvenuclear magnetic resonance accuracy for precise medical treatment

to carry outmore precise deep-sea exploration

The world's first quantum science experimental satellite 'Mozi'So

We will answer these questions one by one

what exactly does quantum measurement measure in power systems?

In new power systems

the current measurement range has become broader

from a few microamperes

 

to hundreds of kiloamperes

Traditional measurement technologies

cannot meet the measurement accuracy requirements

It is possible to capture the micro-changes in the power grid

through high-sensitivity measurements of characteristics such as

sound, light, electricity, and heat

 

utilizes the laws of quantum mechanics

to detect early abnormal conditions in equipment

and quickly communicate them to relevant personnel

to improve emergency response efficiency

Schematic diagram of quantum precision measurement

Applied by the State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute

Quantum sensing laboratory for electric power

independently developed

quantum current transformers

Hefei Houdian Quantum Application Demonstration Substation

quantum integrated DC energy meters

multi-parameter sensors for switch cabinets

and other first sets of equipment

to achieve precise perception of power grid operation and

equipment status

Quantum AC current transformer secondary cabinet

The equipment used at this station

is the world's first

current transformer based on quantum effects

It uses diamond as the sensing material

By manipulating and reading the electronic energy levels in diamondto achieve precise perception of power grid operation and

the measurement accuracy of current in power systems

has been improved nearly a hundredfold

Principle structure of quantum current transformer

Switch cabinets are important devices in power systems

for receiving and distributing electrical energy

Due to being in a complex operating environment for a long time

the interior of the switch cabinet or its insulation system may experience

to achieve precise perception of power grid operation and

partial electrical discharge phenomena

which can lead to the gradual degradation and failure of insulation materials

and even cause electrical faults

A chip-sized

new tool for exploring the microscopic world

solved the above problems

State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute

applied nanoscale quantum dot materials

to develop multi-parameter sensors for switch cabinets

 

achieving the highest

one in a hundred million

for

Quantum AC current transformer secondary cabinet

trace detection of gas components

multi-parameter sensors for switch cabinets

"What does 'one in a hundred million' mean?"

Using a puzzle as an example

↓↓↓The puzzle pieces of common sizeswould take about one hundred million pieces to cover

气体成分微量检测

“一亿分之一”是什么概念呢？

拿拼图举例解释

↓↓↓

我们常见尺寸的拼图拼块

一亿片大约能铺满

An area larger than 3 standard football fields

Assuming one piece of another puzzle is mixed in

Our sensors can immediately detect it

Capture immediately

Eliminate hidden dangers at the bud

Quantum communication provides an unprecedented sense of 'security' for information transmission

The power grid is not only a power transmission system

but also an information communication system

Generation, transmission, transformation, distribution, and utilization

Every link involves massive amounts of information

Ensure secure data transmission

The task is daunting

 

Top-secret communication - quantum communication technology

can achieve

Encrypted transmission of key business data in the power grid

Principle of quantum secure communication

In the process of quantum encrypted communication

Each quantum state represents

a possible key

Only the correct key

can open the communication channel

Due to the unpredictability of quantum states

Every time it is measured

it will change

Therefore

Any 'illegal intruder'

the act of 'eavesdropping' on the key

will be perceived immediately

Only the 'legitimate' two communicators

can obtain certain information by establishing a protocol

Therefore, using quantum states to represent information

can effectively prevent information from being 'eavesdropped'

Established

Hefei Houdian Quantum Application Demonstration Substation

Quantum key distribution platformThrough electric power quantum encryption devices

achieve scheduling automation,

distribution automation, inspection drones, etc.

data encryption

Substations achieve communication encryption for inspection drones

Taking inspection drones as an example

to help you understand the entire encryption process

Before executing inspection tasks

↓↓↓

the drone obtains quantum keys from the quantum key distribution platform

During the execution of the task

if any 'eavesdropping' behavior occurs

it will be detected by the platform immediately

What's even more powerful is that

even if the information is intercepted

it will be unrecognizable due to the change in quantum states

Even with unlimited computing resources

and the strongest physical means

it cannot crack this communication method

thus protecting

control commands, high-definition images, videos, etc.

massive information securely

Quantum computing explores new paths for large-scale simulation of the power grid

The safe and stable operation of the power system

relies on the guarantee of large-scale analytical calculations

How does quantum computing empower large-scale simulation of the power grid?

What is the difference from traditional computing?

Recently

Google released

the new generation quantum computing chip Wilow

 

Google claims

that in specific computing tasks

the quantum computing chip Wilow

completes a standard computation

in just 5 minutes

while a supercomputer would take billions of years to accomplish

Once the news broke

it caused a huge sensation in the global technology community

Where does such powerful computing power come from?

This requires understanding

the completely different computing model of quantum computers

Our old friend - traditional computers

use bits of 0 or 1 to store information

An N-bit processor

can only store one state at a time

The super 'special student' in the field of supercomputing

- quantum computers

use quantum bits

 

as the basic unit for encoding and storing information

Relying on the 'entanglement' between quantum bits

to gain computing power

The more entangled quantum bits there are

the stronger the computing power

An N-qubit processor

相互纠缠的量子比特数越多

算力就越强

N位量子比特的处理器

At the same moment

Can save 2 to the power of N states simultaneously

Comparison of computing power between classical computing and quantum computing

Let's look at a set of data

To intuitively experience it

If calculated per second

Trillion times of traditional computers

To decompose a large number of 300 digits

It takes more than 100,000 years

Whereas using a quantum computer

Only takes 1 second

What is worth being proud of is

Hefei Houdian Quantum Demonstration Station

Has developed applications

Based on quantum computing dedicated power grid flow algorithm

And through the domestically highest bit number

Engineered superconducting quantum computer

——72-qubit superconducting quantum computer

To demonstrate and verify the real power grid

For regional grid flow calculation, load forecasting,

Stability analysis calculation, electricity trading, etc.

Exploring a new path

Can more accurately reflect the

Energy flow distribution of each node in the power grid

Help formulate reasonable

Market rules and pricing mechanisms

When the power grid experiences faults or disturbances

To safeguard it

5 quantum application demonstration substations as the 'model room' for electric power quanta

Quantum technology represented by quantum information science

Is continuously forming new scientific frontiers

Stimulating revolutionary technological innovation

Nurturing disruptive technologies that have a huge impact on human society

Disruptive technology

In our country

With a total mileage of over 10,000 kilometers

The national quantum backbone network has been fully connected

Quantum science experimental satellite 'Mozi'

Has been successfully launched

With an error of no more than one second in 7 billion years

High-precision optical clocks have also been successfully developed

Quantum laser radar, precision magnetic field detection, etc.

In several directions have reached

International leading or advanced level

In a word

Quantum technology has become

A key new track of new productive forces

Researchers are conducting optical path experiments in the electric power quantum perception laboratory

Facing the main battlefield of the economy and major national needs

State Grid Corporation

Is laying out the research and application of electric power quantum technology

Exploring energy transition development

Power grid measurement, equipment testing, data communication, etc.

Field technological innovation needs

Combining the advantages of Hefei, Anhui as a source of quantum technology innovation

Building the Hefei Houdian Quantum Demonstration Station——

The first 'model room' of electricity + quantum

Researchers are conducting theoretical research work in the electric power quantum perception laboratory

State Grid Corporation jointly

With the University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei National Laboratory, etc.

Colleges and research institutions

Guoshun Quantum, Guoyi Quantum,

Guosheng Quantum and other innovative enterprises

Connecting the 'electricity + quantum' industry-university-research application chain

Implementing basic theory, talent cultivation,

Experimental system, major projects and demonstration projects

'Five-dimensional drive' development strategy

Exploring quantum technology

Practical application and engineering in the energy field

Technicians are on-site debugging quantum current transformers

As of now

The Hefei Houdian Quantum Demonstration Station has concentrated applications of

85 sets of 18 types of electric power quantum technology equipment

Achieving a 'leapfrog' upgrade of infrastructure

'Mozi' launched

'Jiuzhang' released

'Zuchongzhi' accelerated

'Wukong' born

Anhui Province, at the forefront of international scientific research

Is transforming towards a 'dual high ground' of R&D and industry

 

High-tech industry development

High-reliability power guarantee

The commissioning of this quantum substation in Hefei

Is a 'directional acceleration' of the new industrial chain

Since the trial operation for more than half a year

The demonstration station has supported thousands of high-tech enterprises

Obtain a supply of high-quality and reliable electric power

Next

There will be more and more

Grid 'black technology'

Step out of this innovative experimental field

Benefit thousands of households

 

With quantum new quality productivity

Empower the construction of a new power system

The future is promising